During and after World War II, round 2.four million Japanese died abroad. The our bodies of almost half of them are nonetheless lacking as they continue to be in the discipline the place they fell and have by no means been repatriated. The duties of recovering and repatriating the remains of Japanese war dead began in 1953 by the former Ministry of Health and Welfare, and are actually carried out by the Social Welfare and War Victims’ Relief Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW).
In 2016, the “Act on Promoting the Recovery of the Remains of Japanese War Dead (Act No. 12 of 2016)” was enacted. The Act designates Fiscal Year (FY) 2016 (from April 2016 to March 2017) to FY 2024 as the interval of intensive implementation and stipulates that the state shall set up a course of to advertise the identification of the war dead. In line with this Act, physical anthropologists have been employed as full-time consultants by the MHLW to conduct scientific evaluation on the remains in the discipline, and since then, they’ve accompanied all abroad delegations for repatriation.
The authors of this paper have been despatched to the websites in the accomplice nations abroad akin to the former Soviet Union, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands, and nationally to Ioto (Iwo Jima) to research the minimal quantity of people (MNI), ancestry, age at dying, and intercourse of the remains.
Along with the morphological investigations, DNA analyses of mitochondrial polymorphism and Y-chromosomal/autosomal quick tandem repeat (STR) have been utilized for estimation of the ancestry and identification of the particular person. By narrowing down the doable candidates based mostly on the historic data akin to title listing of the lacking, if particular person identification of the remains is achieved, the remains are returned to the bereaved households, and if not, they’re positioned in the Chidorigafuchi National Cemetery in Tokyo to relaxation in peace.
Also, the implementation of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses with subsequent technology sequencing (NGS) for ancestry is beneath dialogue. This paper offers an summary of the course of of recovery and identification of the lacking our bodies from World War II in Japan.
Look earlier than washing and cleansing: A caveat to pathologists and anthropologists
Partially or completely skeletonized our bodies are undoubtedly the most difficult situation to take care of for forensic pathologists and anthropologists. Indeed, in such instances, having the ability to determine the trigger and method of dying is commonly difficult. Human remains require to be washed and cleaned earlier than an intensive evaluation of any indicators of trauma.
However, bones and any fragment of roughly putrefied comfortable tissues could also be dwelling to essential traces for investigative functions. They are sometimes positioned in the context of apparently meaningless grime and, typically they’re even invisible to the bare eye. Therefore, their careless cleansing inevitably results in an unintentional loss of such traces with a unfavorable influence on subsequent investigations.
For these causes earlier than continuing with cleansing, exhaustive examination and sampling have to be carried out. In explicit fragments of comfortable tissues, even when putrefied, are completely to not be thought of as a hindrance for forensic functions, since they may nonetheless present beneficial data after histological examination.
Finally, forward-thinking professionals ought to take into consideration the doable presence of exogenous micro-traces of forensic concern and gather specimens to be analyzed via in-depth analyses, akin to Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (SEM/EDX). The current collection of instances demonstrates that essential forensic data might be obtained via the evaluation of apparently meaningless residues and even of micro-traces not seen to the bare eye and blended with trivial grime.
Common and a lot much less widespread situations by which botany is essential for forensic pathologist and anthropologists: a collection of eight case research
It is usually accepted that crime scene recovery and recording are key moments of any judicial inspection by which investigators should determine on the appropriate methods to place into place. Complex out of doors situations, presenting partially or completely skeletonised remains, can profit greater than others by the intervention of environmental specialists (forensic anthropologists, archaeologists, entomologists and botanists).
These consultants are succesful of singling out, appropriately recording and recovering environmental proof that may result in a extra complete reconstruction of a given legal episode. If human remains are found in an out of doors situation, the on-site presence of a botanist will assure an accurate strategy to the identification, recording and recovery of any botanical proof
If an on-site botanist shouldn’t be out there, the operators have to be succesful of each the botanical analysis of a scene and the implementation of appropriate botanical sampling protocols.The following assortment of uncommon case histories that intention at underlining the efficacy of forensic botany will study the dedication of submit mortem or the submit depositional interval, proof for a sufferer’s submit mortem switch, proof for the identification of a main crime scene and proof for the identification of a sufferer’s dismemberment website.
, for Histon Extraction) Triton Extraction Buffer(TEB), for Histon Extraction |
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T8300-500 |
GenDepot |
500ml |
EUR 170.4 |
 Extract-EZ E1, Total Subcellular Protein Extraction Kit |
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BSP073 |
Bio Basic |
50Preps |
EUR 162.31 |
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 Extract-EZ G, Nyclear and Cytoplasmic Protein Extracton Kit |
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BSP001 |
Bio Basic |
50Preps |
EUR 151.87 |
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 Malt Extract |
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abx082459-500g |
Abbexa |
500 g |
EUR 292.8 |
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 AR antibody |
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10R-2031 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ul |
EUR 483.6 |
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Description: Mouse monoclonal AR antibody |
AR antibody |
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70R-35838 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ug |
EUR 392.4 |
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Description: Rabbit polyclonal AR antibody |
 AR Antibody |
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32572-100ul |
SAB |
100ul |
EUR 302.4 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA006094 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.ELISA:1/10000 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA056943 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC;ELISA:1:1000-1:5000, IHC:1:25-1:100 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA05979A0Rb |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, IHC; Recommended dilution: IHC:1:20-1:200 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA011255 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, IHC, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.IHC:1/100-1/300.ELISA:1/40000 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA011256 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: IHC, ELISA;IHC:1/100-1/300.ELISA:1/40000 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA011257 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human, Mouse. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: IHC, IF, ELISA;IHC:1/100-1/300.IF:1/200-1/1000.ELISA:1/40000 |
AR Antibody |
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1-CSB-PA011258 |
Cusabio |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: WB, ELISA;WB:1/500-1/2000.ELISA:1/20000 |
AR Antibody |
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CSB-PA001975KA01HU- |
Cusabio |
each |
EUR 402 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC, ICC;WB:1:500-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:100, ICC:1:50-1:100 |
AR Antibody |
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CSB-PA001975KA01HU-100ul |
Cusabio |
100ul |
EUR 466.8 |
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Description: A polyclonal antibody against AR. Recognizes AR from Human, Mouse, Rat. This antibody is Unconjugated. Tested in the following application: ELISA, WB, IHC, ICC;WB:1:500-1:1000, IHC:1:50-1:100, ICC:1:50-1:100 |
AR Antibody |
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F42684-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: The androgen receptor gene is more than 90 kb long and codes for a protein that has 3 major functional domains: the N-terminal domain, DNA-binding domain, and androgen-binding domain. The protein functions as a steroid-hormone activated transcription factor. Upon binding the hormone ligand, the receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes, and then stimulates transcription of androgen responsive genes. This gene contains 2 polymorphic trinucleotide repeat segments that encode polyglutamine and polyglycine tracts in the N-terminal transactivation domain of its protein. Expansion of the polyglutamine tract causes spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy disease). Mutations in this gene are also associated with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS). Two alternatively spliced variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq]. |
AR Antibody |
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F42850-0.4ML |
NSJ Bioreagents |
0.4 ml |
EUR 322.15 |
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Description: The androgen receptor, also known as NR3C4 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 4), is a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding either of the androgenic hormones, testosterone, or dihydrotestosterone in the cytoplasm and then translocating into the nucleus. It is most closely related to the progesterone receptor, and progestins in higher dosages can block the androgen receptor. The main function of the AR is as a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates gene expression; however, the androgen receptor has other functions as well. Androgen regulated genes are critical for the development and maintenance of the male sexual phenotype. [Wiki] |
 Extract-EZ L1, Cytosol and Mitochondria Protein Extraction Kit |
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BSP051 |
Bio Basic |
50Preps |
EUR 120.55 |
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 Extract-EZ K1, Membrance and Cytoplasmic Protein Extraction Kit |
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BSP005 |
Bio Basic |
50Preps |
EUR 149.78 |
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 Yeast Extract |
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A2540-1000000 |
ApexBio |
1000 g |
EUR 259.2 |
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Description: microbial mediawater soluble portion of autolyzed yeast with intact B-complex vitaminsstore at room temperature |
Yeast Extract |
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A2540-500000 |
ApexBio |
500 g |
EUR 170.4 |
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Description: microbial mediawater soluble portion of autolyzed yeast with intact B-complex vitaminsstore at room temperature |
Yeast Extract |
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abx082370-500g |
Abbexa |
500 g |
EUR 260.4 |
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Yeast Extract |
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Y2007-050 |
GenDepot |
500g |
EUR 218.4 |
Yeast Extract |
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Y2007-100 |
GenDepot |
1Kg |
EUR 295.2 |
Yeast Extract |
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Y2007-250 |
GenDepot |
2.5Kg |
Ask for price |
Yeast Extract |
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Y2007-500 |
GenDepot |
5Kg |
Ask for price |
 Extract-EZ B, Bacterial Protein Extraction Kit, 10X Strength Solution |
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BS596 |
Bio Basic |
1kit, 10prep |
EUR 98.63 |
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 RNA extration Kit |
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20-abx098086 |
Abbexa |
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 HeLa Cell Extract |
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30R-AG012 |
Fitzgerald |
100 ug |
EUR 418.8 |
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Description: Glutathiolated human epithelial carcinoma cell (HeLa) extract |
 Up RNA Extraction Kit |
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20-abx098087 |
Abbexa |
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 Grape Seed Extract |
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B3665-10 |
ApexBio |
10 mg |
EUR 385.2 |
Grape Seed Extract |
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B3665-100 |
ApexBio |
100 mg |
EUR 1696.8 |
Grape Seed Extract |
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B3665-25 |
ApexBio |
25 mg |
EUR 694.8 |
 Antibody) LRP4 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx445029-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 627.6 |
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 For extracting genomic DNA from bacteria) AnaPrep Bacterial DNA Extraction Kit (48) For extracting genomic DNA from bacteria |
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Z1322006 |
Biochain |
1 kit (48 extractions) Including all required plastic disposables |
EUR 216 |
 For extracting HPV DNA from swab samples) AnaPrep HPV DNA Extraction Kit for swab samples (48) For extracting HPV DNA from swab samples |
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Z1322007 |
Biochain |
1 kit (48 extractions) Including all required plastic disposables |
EUR 216 |
 Inactivated EBV Extract Antigen |
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VAng-Lsx0107-1mL |
Creative Biolabs |
1 mL |
EUR 420 |
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Description: Infected cell extract enriched for viral proteins. |
Inactivated EBV Extract Antigen |
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VAng-Lsx0107-25mL |
Creative Biolabs |
25 mL |
EUR 4342.8 |
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Description: Infected cell extract enriched for viral proteins. |
 Beef Extract Powder |
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CH016 |
ABM |
50 g |
EUR 152.4 |
Beef Extract Powder |
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CH017 |
ABM |
100 g |
EUR 170.4 |
Beef Extract Powder |
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CH018 |
ABM |
500 g |
EUR 289.2 |
 Extra tubing set, 1 meter |
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BCM1552 |
Bio Basic |
1 pcs, 1 UNIT |
EUR 98.46 |
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 ENA Extract Protein |
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abx060706-025ml |
Abbexa |
0.25 ml |
EUR 560.4 |
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) Extra T7 gRNA PCR primer mix (5 uM) |
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CAS510A-PR |
SBI |
50 assays |
EUR 99 |
 Antibody) ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx444385-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx444666-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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 Antibody) ADAM22 (extracellular) Antibody |
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abx445023-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 627.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx440172-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx440453-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx440734-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx441015-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx441296-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx441577-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx441858-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx442981-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx443261-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 678 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx443542-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 678 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx443823-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 710.4 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx444104-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx442139-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx442420-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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ADAM22 (Extracellular) Antibody |
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abx442701-100ug |
Abbexa |
100 ug |
EUR 693.6 |
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 Up Plus RNA Extraction Kit |
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20-abx098093 |
Abbexa |
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 HeLa Nuclear Extract |
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1641-01 |
Biovision |
each |
EUR 222 |
HeLa Nuclear Extract |
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1641-1 |
Biovision |
each |
EUR 405.6 |
 MyTaq Extract-PCR Kit |
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BIO-21126 |
Bioline |
100 Reactions |
Ask for price |
MyTaq Extract-PCR Kit |
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BIO-21126/S |
Bioline |
Sample |
Ask for price |
MyTaq Extract-PCR Kit |
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BIO-21127 |
Bioline |
500 Reactions |
Ask for price |
 miRNA Extraction Kit |
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K1456-50 |
Biovision |
50 Preps |
EUR 661.2 |
 Hela Nuclear Extract |
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X12001 |
EpiGentek |
1000 µg |
Ask for price |
 MCF-7 Nuclear Extract |
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X12002 |
EpiGentek |
1000 µg |
Ask for price |
 NIH/3T3 Nuclear Extract |
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X12003 |
EpiGentek |
1000 µg |
Ask for price |
 K562 Nuclear Extract |
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X12005 |
EpiGentek |
1000 µg |
Ask for price |
 HL60 Nuclear Extract |
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X12006 |
EpiGentek |
1000 µg |
Ask for price |
 Liquid Wicks, Extra Fine, 200/pk |
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W-XF |
MiTeGen |
200 WICKS |
EUR 22 |
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Description: Liquid Wicks, Extra Fine, 200/pk |
 Antibody) Anti-STIM1 (extracellular) Antibody |
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A00312 |
BosterBio |
200ul |
EUR 714 |
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Description: Rabbit Polyclonal STIM1 (extracellular) Antibody. Validated in IF, WB and tested in Human, Rat. |
 Quick Gel Extraction Kit |
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20-abx098085 |
Abbexa |
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 Plant RNA extraction Kit |
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20-abx098088 |
Abbexa |
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 Gynostemma Extract |
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B3666-10 |
ApexBio |
10 mg |
EUR 379.2 |
Gynostemma Extract |
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B3666-100 |
ApexBio |
100 mg |
EUR 1663.2 |
Gynostemma Extract |
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B3666-5 |
ApexBio |
5 mg |
EUR 259.2 |
Gynostemma Extract |
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B3666-5.1 |
ApexBio |
10 mM (in 1mL DMSO) |
EUR 410.4 |
Gynostemma Extract |
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B3666-50 |
ApexBio |
50 mg |
EUR 1062 |
 500 G YEAST EXTRACT, POWDER |
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61-231-RO |
CORNING |
500 g/pk |
EUR 213.6 |
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Description: Media Catalog; Cell Culture Reagents |
) Gel Extraction Kit (100 preps) |
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9K-006-0001 |
Bio Basic |
100preps |
EUR 283.42 |
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) Gel Extraction Kit (200 preps) |
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9K-006-0002 |
Bio Basic |
200preps, 200prep |
EUR 418.09 |
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 DNA Extraction Kit in Tubes |
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D100T |
Cygnus Technologies |
1 kit (50 tubes) |
EUR 562.8 |
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Description: DNA Extraction Kit in Tubes by Cygnus Technologies is available in Europe via Gentaur. |
 DNA Extraction Kit in Wells |
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D100W |
Cygnus Technologies |
1 kit (96 wells plate) |
EUR 562.8 |
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Description: DNA Extraction Kit in Wells by Cygnus Technologies is available in Europe via Gentaur. |
 ExoDNA? Extraction Kit |
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K1242-25 |
Biovision |
each |
EUR 705.6 |
ExoDNA? Extraction Kit |
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K1242-50 |
Biovision |
each |
EUR 1057.2 |
Gynostemma Extract |
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E1KS2306 |
EnoGene |
10mg |
EUR 1804.8 |
In one other two instances, one, we are going to illustrate the vital position that forensic botany performed in the discrimination between botanical materials used to voluntarily conceal a sufferer and vegetation that had grown naturally above a disposal website, whereas the different will spotlight the protocols applied for the identification of a homicide weapon.
